The story of Marshall Islands
The Marshall Islands were settled by Micronesian voyagers roughly two thousand years ago or more. Marshallese navigators became masters of the open ocean, using ingenious stick charts made from palm ribs and shells to map how ocean swells bend around islands. Society was organised into clans and ruled by iroij (chiefs), with land rights passed down through the mother's line, a system that still matters greatly today.
Spanish navigators sighted the islands in the sixteenth century, and the group was later named after British captain John Marshall, who sailed through in 1788. Missionaries and copra traders arrived in the nineteenth century, and Germany annexed the islands in 1885. Japan seized them in 1914 and governed them under a League of Nations mandate, building military bases in the 1930s. During the Second World War US forces captured Kwajalein, Majuro and Enewetak in 1944, and wrecks and relics from these battles still lie on atolls and lagoon floors.
Read the full history
After the war the islands became part of the US-administered Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. Between 1946 and 1958 the United States conducted 67 nuclear tests at Bikini and Enewetak atolls, forcing the relocation of communities and leaving a lasting legacy that the Marshallese still live with. The country adopted its own constitution in 1979 and signed a Compact of Free Association with the US, which took effect in 1986, before joining the United Nations in 1991.
Today the Marshall Islands is a nation of low-lying coral atolls facing the challenge of rising seas. Visitors are rewarded with some of the Pacific's most untouched lagoons, world-class wreck diving, warm hospitality and a living culture of canoe building, weaving and traditional navigation. Bikini Atoll is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that stands as a powerful reminder of the nuclear age.
Timeline
- c. 1st century BCMicronesian voyagers settle the atolls
- 1788British captain John Marshall sails through the islands
- 1885Germany annexes the Marshall Islands
- 1914Japan takes control of the islands
- 1944US forces capture Kwajalein, Majuro and Enewetak
- 1946Nuclear testing begins at Bikini Atoll
- 1986Compact of Free Association with the US takes effect
- 2010Bikini Atoll listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site
Entry rules depend on your passport and change often.
Before you book, check the official rules for your passport:
- Visa policy of the Marshall Islands (Wikipedia) ↗
- IATA Travel Centre – passport, visa & health rules ↗
- U.S. passport holders – State Department country pages ↗
- UK passport holders – GOV.UK travel advice ↗
The latest visa and entry news for Marshall Islands appears below as soon as publishers report it.
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Things to do in Marshall Islands
- Dive WWII wrecksExplore sunken ships and aircraft in the lagoons of Majuro, Kwajalein and Mili.
- Relax at Laura BeachHead to the far western end of Majuro Atoll for calm water, palm shade and a peaceful village.
- Learn about stick chartsDiscover the islanders' navigation traditions at the Alele Museum in Majuro.
- Visit an outer atollFly to Arno or Mili for quiet lagoons, village life and pristine snorkelling.
- Watch outrigger canoesSee traditional sailing canoes built and raced in the lagoon.
- Snorkel the lagoonSwim over colourful coral and tropical fish in the clear waters of Majuro.
- Buy local handicraftsPick up finely woven baskets, fans and mats made from pandanus and coconut fibre.
- Go game fishingHead out beyond the reef in search of marlin, tuna and wahoo.
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Where to go in Marshall Islands
- MajuroCapital atoll · culture & lagoonThe capital, stretching along a narrow strip of land with the Alele Museum and Laura Beach.
- Arno AtollOuter island · lagoonsA short hop from Majuro, with untouched beaches and traditional villages.
- 📍Mili AtollOuter island · WWII relicsScattered with Japanese wartime relics and great snorkelling.
- 📍Kwajalein AtollRalik Chain · history & divingOne of the world's largest atolls, with significant wartime history; parts are restricted for a US military installation.
- 📍Bikini AtollRalik Chain · UNESCO siteA former nuclear test site with a lagoon of sunken warships, accessible only on rare special trips.
- Dive or snorkel the lagoon reefs
- Visit the Alele Museum in Majuro
- Go sport fishing
- Buy traditional woven handicrafts
- Breadfruit – roasted, boiled or fried
- Pandanus – sweet fruit eaten fresh or as paste
- Fresh reef fish – often eaten raw or grilled
- Jekaro – sweet coconut sap syrup
Best time to visit Marshall Islands
The Marshall Islands are hot and humid all year, with daytime highs around 29–30 °C. The northern atolls are much drier than the southern atolls such as Majuro.
Typical daytime highs and rain in Majuro (approximate averages).
- 1 MayConstitution DayThe country's main national holiday, with parades, sports and celebrations in Majuro.
- JulyFishermen's DayA holiday honouring the islands' fishing tradition, often with fishing tournaments.
- DecemberGospel DayChurches mark the arrival of Christianity with services and singing.
- DecemberChristmas (Kurijmoj)Church groups spend weeks rehearsing songs and dances for exuberant Christmas performances and gift-giving.
How many days in Marshall Islands?
Day 1: Majuro town and the Alele Museum. Day 2: snorkelling or a wreck dive. Day 3: drive to Laura Beach. Day 4: lagoon boat trip or fishing.
Day 1-3: Majuro highlights. Day 4-6: fly or boat to Arno for village stays and pristine lagoons. Day 7-8: return to Majuro for diving and handicraft shopping.
Backpacker budget: about $70–100 a day
- Shared taxis run up and down Majuro's single main road and are very cheap.
- Accommodation options are limited; book ahead and consider guesthouses on outer atolls.
- Bring essentials such as medicine, sunscreen and snorkel gear, as supplies may be limited.
- Domestic flights are infrequent – check schedules carefully before planning trips to outer atolls.
- Respect local customs: ask permission before visiting outer islands, as land is owned by clans.
Stay safe
- The Marshall Islands are generally safe, but avoid isolated areas at night in Majuro.
- Drink bottled or treated water, as tap water may not be safe.
- Medical facilities are limited; ensure your travel insurance includes evacuation cover.
- Dress modestly in villages, and women should cover their thighs.
Money
- The Marshall Islands uses the US dollar.
- ATMs are available in Majuro but rare elsewhere; carry cash for outer atolls.
- Tipping is not customary but appreciated in hotels and restaurants.
Emergency:
Majuro's Amata Kabua International Airport (MAJ) has flights connecting to Hawaii, Guam and other Micronesian islands. Some flights also stop at Kwajalein.
✈️ Cheap flights to Marshall Islands: airports, flight times & best time to fly →
- Marshallese stick charts are among the most original navigation tools ever devised.
- In 2011 the country created what was then the world's largest shark sanctuary across its waters.
- Most of the land in the Marshall Islands is only a couple of metres above sea level.
- The bikini swimsuit was named after Bikini Atoll in 1946.
- Kwajalein is one of the largest coral atolls in the world, enclosing a huge lagoon.
Marshall Islands travel questions
Are the Marshall Islands safe for tourists?
The Marshall Islands are generally safe, with low crime. Health care is limited, so travel insurance with evacuation cover is essential.
When is the best time to visit the Marshall Islands?
December to April is drier, with steady breezes. The rest of the year is warm, but expect more rain.
How many days do you need in the Marshall Islands?
Four or five days is enough to explore Majuro. Allow a week or more to visit outer atolls, as flights are infrequent.
Do I need a visa for the Marshall Islands?
Entry rules depend on your passport, so check the official Marshall Islands government site or consulate before you travel.
What language is spoken in the Marshall Islands?
Marshallese and English are both official. English is widely spoken in Majuro.
Approximate daily cost per person (stay, food, local transport).
Shared taxis run up and down the main road in Majuro. Small boats and domestic flights reach the outer atolls.
- Dress modestly; women usually cover their thighs
- Ask permission before visiting outer islands or private land
- Ask before taking photos of people
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