The story of Sint Maarten
The island now shared by Sint Maarten and Saint-Martin was first inhabited by Amerindian peoples from South America, including Arawak-speaking groups and later the Kalinago, who are often said to have called it Soualiga, 'land of salt', after its shimmering salt ponds. Archaeological sites around the island have revealed pottery, tools and traces of villages dating back well over a thousand years.
Christopher Columbus is traditionally said to have named the island on his second voyage in 1493. In the early seventeenth century, Dutch traders arrived to harvest salt from the Great Salt Pond, a valuable commodity for preserving fish in Europe. Spain occupied the island for a time and built a fort, but after it withdrew, the Dutch and French divided the island under the Treaty of Concordia in 1648, an agreement that remarkably still forms the basis of the border today. Legend says the line was settled by a walking contest between a Frenchman and a Dutchman.
Read the full history
Over the following centuries the island changed hands several times during European wars before settling into its Dutch and French halves. Sugar and cotton plantations, along with salt harvesting, relied on enslaved Africans, and emancipation came in 1848 on the French side and 1863 on the Dutch side. After salt and sugar declined, many islanders emigrated in search of work, until tourism began to take off in the mid-twentieth century with the opening of the airport and early hotels.
Sint Maarten became part of the Netherlands Antilles and, in 2010, a constituent country within the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Hurricane Irma caused major damage in 2017, but the island has rebuilt. Visitors today enjoy the unique experience of exploring two nations on one small island, with duty-free shopping in Philipsburg, famous beaches, a lively cruise port, varied food and the thrill of planes skimming overhead at Maho Beach.
Timeline
- c. 800 ADAmerindian settlements on the island
- 1493Columbus traditionally credited with naming the island
- 1631Dutch build a fort to protect salt harvesting
- 1648Treaty of Concordia divides the island
- 1863Slavery abolished on the Dutch side
- 1943Airport opens, later Princess Juliana International
- 2010Sint Maarten becomes a country within the Kingdom
- 2017Hurricane Irma; major rebuilding follows
Entry rules depend on your passport and change often.
Before you book, check the official rules for your passport:
- IATA Travel Centre – passport, visa & health rules ↗
- U.S. passport holders – State Department country pages ↗
- UK passport holders – GOV.UK travel advice ↗
The latest visa and entry news for Sint Maarten appears below as soon as publishers report it.
A good sale to St. Maarten. Pricing will vary slightly depending on routing The $435 fare is the regular fare which allows
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Things to do in Sint Maarten
- Watch planes at Maho BeachStand on the sand as jets roar just overhead on their approach to the airport.
- Shop on Front StreetBrowse duty-free jewellery, electronics and local crafts in Philipsburg's main street.
- Relax at Great Bay BeachLounge on a sweeping beach right beside the capital's boardwalk.
- Cross to the French sideDrive across the open border for croissants in Marigot and the restaurants of Grand Case.
- Snorkel at Little BaySwim among reef fish near the Fort Amsterdam ruins.
- Hike to Fort AmsterdamExplore the remains of the island's first Dutch fort on a headland above Great Bay.
- Sail in a racing yachtTry your hand at sailing on a former America's Cup boat in a team race.
- Eat at a loloEnjoy grilled ribs, chicken and johnny cakes at a roadside barbecue.
Where to go in Sint Maarten
- 📍PhilipsburgSouth · capitalA bustling town with Front Street shopping, the boardwalk and Great Bay Beach.
- 📍Maho BeachWest · beachFamous for low-flying planes and lively beach bars.
- Mullet BayWest · beachA beautiful, calm bay with soft sand and good swimming.
- 📍Simpson BayWest · lagoon & marinaA hub for yachts, restaurants and nightlife on the lagoon.
- 📍Fort AmsterdamSouth · historic siteRuins of a seventeenth-century fort with views of Great Bay.
- 📍Guana BayEast · beachA wild, windswept beach popular with surfers and bodyboarders.
- Watch planes land at Maho Beach
- Shop on Front Street
- Take a sailing or catamaran trip
- Hop across to the French side for lunch
- Johnny cakes – fried bread
- Conch and dumplings – stewed conch with dumplings
- Saltfish – salted cod with peppers
- Guavaberry liqueur – the island's traditional drink
Best time to visit Sint Maarten
Sint Maarten enjoys a tropical climate with warm temperatures all year moderated by trade winds. Rainfall is modest and mostly falls in short showers during late summer and autumn.
Typical daytime highs and rain in Philipsburg (approximate averages).
- April – MaySint Maarten CarnivalWeeks of parades, calypso competitions and Carnival Village parties in Philipsburg.
- MarchSt. Maarten Heineken RegattaA world-famous sailing regatta with on-shore parties and concerts.
- 11 NovemberSt. Martin's DayA public holiday celebrated on both sides of the island with events and festivities.
- 1 JulyEmancipation DayCommemorates the abolition of slavery with cultural events.
How many days in Sint Maarten?
Day 1 explore Philipsburg and Great Bay. Day 2 watch planes at Maho and swim at Mullet Bay. Day 3 cross to the French side for Marigot and Grand Case.
Day 1-2 Philipsburg, Fort Amsterdam and Little Bay. Day 3 Maho and Mullet Bay. Day 4 the French side's beaches. Day 5 a sailing experience. Day 6-7 day trips by ferry to Anguilla or Saint-Barthélemy.
Backpacker budget: about $80–120 a day
- There are few hostels, so look for budget apartments or guesthouses around Simpson Bay or Philipsburg.
- Local minibuses run frequently along the main roads and are the cheapest way to get around.
- Eat at lolos and food trucks for filling, inexpensive Caribbean meals.
- Visit outside cruise ship days to avoid crowds in Philipsburg.
- Use the island as a base for budget day trips to neighbouring islands by ferry.
Stay safe
- The island is generally safe, but petty theft and car break-ins occur – don't leave valuables in cars or on beaches.
- At Maho Beach, keep a safe distance from the airport fence, as jet blast can be dangerous.
- Avoid isolated areas at night and use licensed taxis.
- Follow hurricane alerts during storm season.
Money
- The official currency is the Caribbean guilder, but US dollars are used almost everywhere; the French side uses the euro.
- Cards are widely accepted, and ATMs are common, often dispensing US dollars.
- Check bills for service charges; otherwise tipping around ten to fifteen percent is customary.
Emergency: 911 police, fire & ambulance
Princess Juliana International Airport is a major regional hub with flights from North America and Europe. Ferries link the island to Anguilla, Saint-Barthélemy and Saba, and it is a popular cruise port.
✈️ Cheap flights to Sint Maarten: airports, flight times & best time to fly →
- The island is the smallest landmass in the world shared by two nations.
- There is no formal border control between the Dutch and French sides.
- The Treaty of Concordia dividing the island dates from 1648.
- Maho Beach is famous worldwide for planes landing just above sunbathers' heads.
- Salt harvested from the Great Salt Pond was once the island's main export.
Sint Maarten travel questions
Is Sint Maarten safe for tourists?
Sint Maarten is generally safe, with tourism a major part of the economy. Petty theft can occur, so protect your belongings.
What is the best time to visit Sint Maarten?
December to April offers dry, sunny weather. August to October has the highest hurricane risk.
How many days do you need in Sint Maarten?
Three days covers the main beaches and both sides of the island. A week allows day trips to nearby islands.
Do I need a visa for Sint Maarten?
It depends on your passport – check the official Sint Maarten government site or your nearest Dutch embassy before you travel.
Can you visit both sides of the island?
Yes, you can drive freely between Dutch Sint Maarten and French Saint-Martin. Carry your ID anyway, as checks can occasionally occur.
Approximate daily cost per person (stay, food, local transport).
Taxis and rental cars are the easiest options, and minibuses run on main roads. Ferries go to nearby islands like Anguilla and Saint Barthélemy.
- Greet people with good morning or good afternoon
- Cover up beachwear in town
- English is widely spoken alongside Dutch
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