The story of DR Congo
The vast Congo Basin has been inhabited for tens of thousands of years, first by forest hunter-gatherer peoples such as the Mbuti and Batwa, and later by Bantu-speaking farmers who spread ironworking and agriculture along its rivers. Powerful states emerged over the centuries: the Kingdom of Kongo near the Atlantic coast, the Luba and Lunda empires of the southern savannas, and the Kuba kingdom, whose carved masks and raffia textiles are prized by museums worldwide.
Portuguese navigators reached the mouth of the Congo River in 1482, and the Kingdom of Kongo exchanged envoys with Lisbon and Rome, but the Atlantic slave trade brought great suffering to the region. In the late nineteenth century the explorer Henry Morton Stanley's expeditions opened the interior to European ambitions, and in 1885 the territory became the Congo Free State, the personal possession of King Leopold II of Belgium. His regime's brutal exploitation for rubber and ivory caused an international outcry, and in 1908 Belgium took over the colony as the Belgian Congo.
Read the full history
Independence came on 30 June 1960, with Patrice Lumumba as the first prime minister, but the new nation soon faced secession crises and political turmoil. Mobutu Sese Seko took power in 1965 and renamed the country Zaire in 1971. After his rule ended in 1997 the country became the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and the following decades were marked by regional wars and continuing instability in the east, alongside efforts at peace and elections.
For the rare traveller, the DRC holds extraordinary natural and cultural riches: the mighty Congo River, Africa's oldest national park at Virunga, mountain and lowland gorillas, the bonobo found nowhere else, and the volcano Nyiragongo with its lava lake. Kinshasa pulses with Congolese rumba, a musical style recognised by UNESCO, and its stylish sapeurs. However, security varies greatly by region, so up-to-date official advice is essential.
Timeline
- c. 1390The Kingdom of Kongo is founded near the Atlantic coast
- 1482Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reaches the Congo River mouth
- 1885The Congo Free State is created under King Leopold II
- 1908Belgium annexes the territory as the Belgian Congo
- 1925Virunga, Africa's first national park, is established
- 1960Independence on 30 June
- 1971The country is renamed Zaire
- 1997The country becomes the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Entry rules depend on your passport and change often.
- EAC – East African Community member – look out for regional tourist visas.
Before you book, check the official rules for your passport:
- Visa policy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Wikipedia) ↗
- IATA Travel Centre – passport, visa & health rules ↗
- U.S. passport holders – State Department country pages ↗
- UK passport holders – GOV.UK travel advice ↗
The latest visa and entry news for DR Congo appears below as soon as publishers report it.
Do not travel to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) due to health , crime , unrest , terrorism , and kidnapping Due to the Ebola outbreak in the DRC, the Department of Homeland Security has implemented new restrictions…
#DR Congo#Visas & Entry RulesDo not travel to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) due to health , crime , unrest , terrorism, and kidnapping. Due to the Ebola outbreak in the DRC, the Department of Homeland Security has implemented new restrictions…
#DR Congo#Visas & Entry RulesThings to do in DR Congo
- Track mountain gorillasWhere and when it is permitted, trek through Virunga's forested slopes to spend an unforgettable hour with a gorilla family.
- Climb NyiragongoWhen open, hike up an active volcano and camp on the crater rim above one of the world's largest lava lakes.
- Meet bonobos near KinshasaVisit Lola ya Bonobo, a sanctuary for orphaned bonobos, humanity's close and peaceful relatives.
- Dance to Congolese rumbaJoin Kinshasa's late-night bars where live bands play the guitar-driven rumba and soukous that conquered Africa.
- Watch the Congo RiverGaze over the immense, powerful river and its rapids from the Kinshasa waterfront.
- Swim at Zongo FallsMake a road trip west of Kinshasa to a thundering waterfall surrounded by green forest.
- See lowland gorillas in Kahuzi-BiegaIf conditions allow, trek through bamboo and rainforest to observe the eastern lowland gorilla, the largest gorilla subspecies.
- Explore Kinshasa's art sceneVisit studios, markets and the National Museum to see vibrant contemporary painting alongside traditional masks.
On 01/10/2026, a forest fire started in The Democratic Republic of Congo, until 03/10/2026.
#DR Congo#Weather & AlertsWhere to go in DR Congo
- KinshasaCapital · Congo RiverA huge, energetic megacity of music, fashion and street life facing Brazzaville across the river.
- Virunga National ParkNorth Kivu · volcanoes & gorillasAfrica's oldest national park, home to mountain gorillas, volcanoes and savanna – open only when security permits.
- 📍NyiragongoNear Goma · active volcanoA dramatic stratovolcano with a lava lake, climbed on guided overnight treks when allowed.
- Kahuzi-Biega National ParkSouth Kivu · rainforestA UNESCO site protecting eastern lowland gorillas in highland and lowland forest.
- 📍Lake KivuEastern border · great lakeA beautiful lake fringed by hills, with Goma and Bukavu on its shores.
- Lola ya BonoboNear Kinshasa · sanctuaryThe world's only bonobo sanctuary, an easy and rewarding day trip from the capital.
- 📍Zongo FallsKongo Central · waterfallA powerful forest waterfall that makes a popular weekend escape from Kinshasa.
- 📍Salonga National ParkCentral basin · rainforestOne of Africa's largest tropical rainforest parks and a bonobo stronghold, reachable only by expedition.
- Trek to see mountain gorillas
- Camp on the rim of Nyiragongo's lava lake
- Meet rescued bonobos at Lola ya Bonobo
- Hear live Congolese rumba in Kinshasa
- Moambe chicken – chicken in palm nut sauce
- Fufu – cassava dough eaten with stews
- Pondu – cassava leaves cooked with fish or palm oil
- Liboke – fish steamed in banana leaves
Best time to visit DR Congo
The DRC straddles the equator, so the central basin is hot, humid and rainy year-round, while regions north and south of it have distinct dry seasons at opposite times of year. The eastern highlands around the Kivu lakes are much cooler and fresher.
Typical daytime highs and rain in Kinshasa (approximate averages).
- JanuaryHeroes' DaysOn 16 and 17 January the nation commemorates independence hero Patrice Lumumba and former president Laurent-Désiré Kabila.
- JuneIndependence DayOn 30 June the country marks independence from Belgium with official ceremonies and celebrations.
- February (some years)Amani FestivalA music festival in Goma that brings together artists from the Great Lakes region to promote peace, held when conditions allow.
How many days in DR Congo?
Day 1-2: Kinshasa's markets, museum, riverfront and a live rumba night. Day 3: a morning at Lola ya Bonobo. Day 4: a day trip to Zongo Falls, if road conditions allow.
Day 1-2: arrive in Goma on Lake Kivu. Day 3-4: overnight trek up Nyiragongo. Day 5-6: gorilla tracking in Virunga with an authorised operator. Day 7-8: travel to Bukavu and Kahuzi-Biega – only ever with official permission and current security guidance.
Backpacker budget: about $50–90 a day
- Independent budget travel is very challenging; most visitors use an authorised operator, especially in the east.
- Shared taxis and minibuses are cheap in Kinshasa but chaotic – ask locals for the right routes and fares.
- Domestic distances are huge and roads poor, so short flights or river boats are often the only practical way to cover ground.
- Eat local staples such as fufu, pondu (cassava leaves), grilled fish and chikwangue for very little.
- Carry photocopies of your passport and permits, as checkpoints are common.
Stay safe
- Many governments advise against all or all but essential travel to large parts of the DRC, especially the east; check your government's latest travel advice before planning anything.
- Visit parks like Virunga only with authorised operators and when they confirm areas are open.
- Ask permission before taking photos, and never photograph officials, soldiers or government buildings, which can lead to arrest.
- Take medical advice on malaria, yellow fever and other vaccinations, and drink only treated or bottled water.
Money
- The Congolese franc is the national currency, but US dollars are widely used for larger payments.
- Bring clean, recent, undamaged US dollar notes – worn or old notes are often refused.
- Cards are accepted only at a few upmarket places in Kinshasa, so rely on cash; small tips for guides and drivers are appreciated.
Emergency: 112
N'djili International Airport in Kinshasa is the main gateway; eastern visitors often cross overland from Rwanda into Goma or Bukavu when borders are open, and ferries cross the Congo River to Brazzaville.
✈️ Cheap flights to DR Congo: airports, flight times & best time to fly →
- The Congo River is the deepest river in the world, with depths exceeding 200 metres.
- Kinshasa and Brazzaville are the world's two closest capital cities apart from Rome and Vatican City.
- Bonobos live in the wild only in the DRC.
- The DRC is the second-largest country in Africa by area.
- Congolese rumba is listed by UNESCO as intangible cultural heritage.
DR Congo travel questions
Is the DR Congo safe for tourists?
Travel to much of the DRC is advised against by many governments due to armed conflict, crime and instability, particularly in the east. Check your government's latest travel advice, and only visit areas like Virunga with authorised operators when they are open.
Can you see gorillas in the DR Congo?
Yes, the DRC is home to mountain gorillas in Virunga and eastern lowland gorillas in Kahuzi-Biega. Access depends on the security situation, so check whether parks are open and follow official advice.
What is the best time to visit the DR Congo?
June to August is the main dry season around Kinshasa and in the south. Because the country spans the equator, weather varies by region, and safety matters more than season.
Do I need a visa for the DR Congo?
Entry rules depend on your passport and can change. Check the official Congolese government site or embassy before you travel, and confirm health certificate requirements too.
What language is spoken in the DR Congo?
French is the official language, while Lingala, Swahili, Kikongo and Tshiluba are widely spoken national languages. Lingala dominates in Kinshasa and Swahili in the east.
Approximate daily cost per person (stay, food, local transport).
Distances are huge and roads limited, so domestic flights are used between regions. Park visits are usually arranged with transport included.
- Nkamba – Holy city of the Kimbanguist Church, called the 'New Jerusalem'
- Notre-Dame du Congo Cathedral – Kinshasa's main Catholic cathedral
- Greet people before asking questions
- Always ask before taking photos
- Follow rangers' rules closely in parks
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